Câu chẻ được dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần của câu như chủ ngữ, túc từ hay trạng từ

A. NHẤN MẠNH CHỦ TỪ (SUBJECT FOCUS) :

· It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who + V + O ...

Ex: My father collected these car models.
—> It was my father who collected these car models.

· It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + V + O ...

Ex: His behaviors at the conference made me shocked.
—> It was His behaviors at the conference that made me shocked.

B. NHẤN MẠNH TÚC TỪ (OBJECT FOCUS) :

· It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who(m)/ that + S + V...

Ex: I came against my ex-girlfriend on the way to work.
—> It was my ex-girlfriend who(m)/that I met on the way to work.
* Khi nhấn mạnh chủ từ thì không dùng whom.

· It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + S + V ...

Ex: My brother bought an old portrait of Elvis Presley from our neighbor.
→ It was an old portrait of Elvis Presley that my brother bought from our neighbor.

C. NHẤN MẠNH TRẠNG TỪ (ADVERBIAL FOCUS) :

· It + is / was + Adverbial phrase + that + S + V ...

Ex: – We went to Paris in October.
—> It was in Octoberthat we went to Paris.

D. CÂU CHẺ BỊ ĐỘNG (CLEFT SENTENCE IN THE PASSIVE) :

· It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who + be + P.P...

Ex: Students gave that teacher a lot of bunches of flowers.
—> It was that teacher who was given a lot of bunches of flowers by Students .

· It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + be + P.P...

Ex: People are preparing for the annual festival.
—> It is the annual festival that are being prepared.